Microelectronics

Analog Circuits

Analog circuits are an integral part of electronic engineering. They function with any continuously variable signal, making them useful in audio/radio equipment as well as measuring physical properties like temperature or pressure. Analog circuits typically utilize components like resistors, capacitors, inductors and transistors – each acting individually in their function.

Analogue circuits tend to be slower than digital systems, but offer greater flexibility for processing data. Analogs can be designed to amplify, attenuate, provide isolation or otherwise modify signals in various ways.

An analog circuit’s centerpiece is its transistor, a component which can quickly switch the electric current on and off. This allows data to be represented as one and zero values that can then be processed by microcontrollers or computing chips – making these devices indispensable to running businesses, tracking disease, delivering electricity through electric grids to homes, conducting climate research research studies, etc.

Digital Circuits

Microelectronics encompasses the design and manufacturing of small but highly complex electronic devices ranging from microprocessors used in computers to the circuitry that enables smartphones to communicate with satellites.

This course provides students looking to pursue careers in electrical engineering, computer engineering or circuit design with a solid foundation in digital circuits and combinational and sequential logic systems. It also covers basic logic gates like OR, AND and NAND gates before discussing multiplexers, counters and decoders before concluding by discussing flip-flops and bistable multivibrators.

Digital electronics have become an indispensable element of modern technology, used in everything from mobile phones and HD televisions to computer modems and navigation systems. Digital components also form the core building blocks of microprocessors that execute instructions in computers.

Integrated Circuits (ICs)

Integrated circuits are at the heart of every device that uses electricity. They consist of networks of interconnected electronic components designed to perform specific objective functions ranging from adding and multiplying numbers, to microprocessors which carry out complex instructions and carry out complex tasks.

ICs are essential components in many modern devices, from computers and smartphones to medical equipment and cars. Their versatility enables electronics engineers to pack more processing power into smaller packages for ever more powerful, versatile products.

Integrated circuits can be designed using several techniques, including computer-aided design, physical design, mask layout and photolithography. Designers create models using these tools before transferring them onto pieces of semiconductor material for further processes such as etching, electrical engineering ion implantation and metallization; ultimately producing chips with thousands of transistors.

VLSI Design

VLSI design involves creating integrated circuits small enough to fit on a chip, such as PCs and smartphones, medical equipment or telecom systems. VLSI designers use sophisticated CAD/EDA tools in creating these chips.

As technology develops, demand for more sophisticated microchips increases – leading to an explosion in job openings for VLSI engineers.

Job responsibilities for VLSI engineers include programming, designing circuits and verifying that they meet specifications. Problem-solving skills are also vitally important. In addition, proficiency with various computer programs such as Verilog or VHDL for hardware description/simulation should also be noted as requirements of this profession.

Embedded Systems

Embedded systems utilize printed circuit boards and computer hardware such as microprocessors or microcontrollers to perform specific functions within larger mechanical systems. From single microprocessors to complex networks with many processors connected peripherally and networks, embedded systems can serve a multitude of functions; everything from collecting and analyzing data for use by larger systems like home security to standalone devices that collect, organize, and communicate that information.

Intelligent systems can be found across numerous industries, including aeronautics, automotive, defence, energy, railways, health, multimedia IoT devices space semiconductors and telecoms. To create top-quality embedded systems engineers require possessing a range of skills and knowledge in designing these intelligent systems as they undergo logical, structural and physical verification before deployment into production environments.